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	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rac</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>Revista argentina de cardiología</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Rev Argent Cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">0034-7000</issn>
			<issn pub-type="epub">1850-3748</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7775/rac.v93.i1.20870</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">00014</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>CARTA CIENTÍFICA</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Ergoespirometría en pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar precapilar: evaluación del valor predictivo de variables ecocardiográficas</article-title>
				<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
					<trans-title>Ergospirometry in Patients with Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension: Evaluation of the Predictive Value of Echocardiographic Variables</trans-title>
				</trans-title-group>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-6377-1440</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>D'amelio</surname>
						<given-names>Nicolás M.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1b"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4836-691X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Kaplan</surname>
						<given-names>Paula J.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5629-455X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Lago</surname>
						<given-names>Manuel</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0005-5006-295X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Souto</surname>
						<given-names>Germán J.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2848-2289</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Amor</surname>
						<given-names>Miguel</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"><sup>MTSAC</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3169-3386</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Bruzzese</surname>
						<given-names>Martín</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				</contrib-group>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="original">Programa de hipertensión pulmonar División Cardiología y Unidad Neumotisiología del Hospital Gral. de Agudos J. M. Ramos Mejía, Argentina </institution>
					<institution content-type="orgdiv2">Programa de hipertensión pulmonar</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgdiv1">División Cardiología y Unidad Neumotisiología</institution>
					<institution content-type="normalized">Hospital Gral. de Agudos J. M. Ramos Mejía</institution>
					<country country="AR">Argentina</country>
				</aff>
				<aff id="aff1b">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="original">Programa de hipertensión pulmonar División Cardiología y Unidad Neumotisiología del Hospital Gral. de Agudos J. M. Ramos Mejía, Argentina </institution>
					<institution content-type="orgdiv2">Programa de hipertensión pulmonar</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgdiv1">División Cardiología y Unidad Neumotisiología</institution>
					<institution content-type="normalized">Hospital Gral. de Agudos J. M. Ramos Mejía</institution>
					<country country="AR">Argentina</country>
					<email>nicolasdamelio@hotmail.com</email>
				</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label><italic>Dirección para correspondencia</italic></label><italic>:</italic> Nicolas D’Amelio; Correo electrónico: <email>nicolasdamelio@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
					<label>MTSAC</label>
					<p>Miembro Titular de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="conflict" id="fn1">
					<label>Declaración de conflicto de intereses</label>
					<p> Los autores declaran no tener ningún conflicto de interés. (Véase formulario de conflicto de interés de los autores en la Web).</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<!--<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>26</day>
				<month>02</month>
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<season>Jan-Feb</season>
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>-->
			<pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
				<season>Jan-Feb</season>
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>93</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<fpage>83</fpage>
			<lpage>85</lpage>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="es">
					<license-p>Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="1"/>
				<table-count count="1"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="6"/>
				<page-count count="3"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<p>La ergoespirometría o test de ejercicio cardiopulmonar (TECP) en pacientes con hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HAP) e hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica (HPTEC) no quirúrgica permite obtener variables pronósticas como el consumo pico de oxígeno (VO<sub>2</sub>pico) y el cociente entre ventilación y producción de dióxido de carbono (VE/VCO<sub>2</sub>), y es sugerida por las la Guías de Práctica de Hipertensión Pulmonar (GPHP) para la estratificación de riesgo, al igual que el cociente entre la distancia de excursión sistólica del plano del anillo tricuspídeo (TAPSE) y la presión sistólica de la arteria pulmonar (PSAP) medidas por ecocardiograma transtorácico (ETT). (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>) La asociación predictiva entre la relación TAPSE/ PSAP y las variables mencionadas de la TECP no está definida en esta población.</p>
		<p>Realizamos un estudio cuyo objetivo primario fue evaluar parámetros ecocardiográficos de función del ventrículo derecho (VD) como predictores de la capacidad de ejercicio en pacientes portadores de HAP e HPTEC inoperable. Fueron objetivos secundarios determinar la asociación entre VE/VCO<sub>2</sub> y variables ecocardiográficas como TAPSE, PSAP, el cambio de área fraccional del VD (FAC) y el área de la aurícula derecha.</p>
		<p>El nuestro fue un estudio observacional, de corte transversal, fisiopatológico y prospectivo.</p>
		<p>Se reclutaron 7 pacientes de entre 18 y 65 años, 5 con diagnóstico de HAP idiopática, 1 con HAP asociada a enfermedades del tejido conectivo, y uno con HPTEC no quirúrgica, en seguimiento por el Programa de Hipertensión Pulmonar del Hospital Ramos Mejía. El diagnóstico de HP fue confirmado mediante cateterismo cardíaco derecho, teniendo en cuenta la GPHP ESC/ERS 2022. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>)</p>
		<p>Debían estar bajo terapia médica estable durante al menos las últimas 4 semanas previas al ingreso al estudio, definida como ninguna terapia nueva específica de HP, ni cambios en la dosis de la terapia actual específica.</p>
		<p>El TECP y el ETT se realizaron con una diferencia no mayor a 15 días y por el mismo operador cada uno de los estudios. Los pacientes se encontraban en riesgo bajo según REVEAL 2.0. Los TECP se realizaron con equipo portátil, en cinta, utilizando analizador de gases modelo K5 de COSMED y protocolo de Bruce modificado con procedimientos acordes a recomendaciones de guías de práctica vigentes. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>) Se consideraron las siguientes variables: VO<sub>2</sub>pico, VCO<sub>2</sub>, ventilación minuto (VE) y frecuencia cardíaca. Los ecocardiogramas se realizaron con equipo General Electric VV7. Todas las mediciones estructurales y de función cardiaca fueron realizadas de acuerdo con lo especificado en guías de práctica vigentes. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>)</p>
		<p>El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante test de Student y de Wilcoxon para datos apareados considerando significativo un valor de p &lt; 0,05.</p>
		<p>De los siete pacientes incluidos cinco eran de sexo femenino. La mediana (rango intercuartílico, RIC) de edad fue 48 (29-53) años. Dos de los pacientes estaban tratados con treprostinil, macitentán y sildenafil, dos con sildenafil, ambrisentán y selexipag, dos con tadalafilo y ambrisentán y uno con sildenafil y ambrisentán. Los valores hemodinámicos de la población analizada se muestran en la <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Tabla 1</xref>.</p>
		<p>
			<table-wrap id="t1">
				<label>Tabla 1</label>
				<caption>
					<title>Características generales</title>
				</caption>
				<table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
					<colgroup>
						<col/>
						<col/>
					</colgroup>
					<thead>
						<tr style="border: 0; background-color:#ab0534;color:#ffffff;">
							<th align="left">Característica</th>
							<th align="left">Mediana (RIC)</th>
						</tr>
					</thead>
					<tbody>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">PMAP (mmHg)</td>
							<td align="left">59 (34-70)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">VM (L/min)</td>
							<td align="left">4,75 (4,3-5)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">IC (L/min/m<sup>2</sup>)</td>
							<td align="left">2,83 (2,6-2,9)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">VSI (ml/m<sup>2</sup>)</td>
							<td align="left">34,5 (27,5-41)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">Sat. AP (%)</td>
							<td align="left">68 (63-73)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">RVP (UW)</td>
							<td align="left">11 (7,8-12,3)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">VO2pico (ml/kg/min)</td>
							<td align="left">17,1 (15,7-21)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">VE/VCO2pico</td>
							<td align="left">34,1 (28,4-43,2)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">Aurícula derecha (cm<sup>2</sup>)</td>
							<td align="left">20 (18-23)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">TAPSE (mm)</td>
							<td align="left">18 (17-19)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">PSAP (mmHg)</td>
							<td align="left">40 (35-69)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">TAPSE/PSAP</td>
							<td align="left">0,45 (0,26-0,49)</td>
						</tr>
						<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
							<td align="left">FAC (%)</td>
							<td align="left">35 (24-48)</td>
						</tr>
					</tbody>
				</table>
				<table-wrap-foot>
					<fn id="TFN1">
						<p>FAC: cambio de área fraccional del ventrículo derecho; IC: índice cardíaco; PMAP: presión media de la arteria pulmonar; PSAP: presión sistólica de la arteria pulmonar; RIC: rango intercuartílico; RVP: resistencia vascular pulmonar; Sat. AP: saturación de O<sub>2</sub> en la arteria pulmonar; TAPSE: excursión sistólica del plano del anillo tricuspídeo; UW: unidades Wood; VE/VCO<sub>2</sub> pico: relación ventilación minuto/producción de CO<sub>2</sub> en el pico del esfuerzo VM volumen minuto; VO<sub>2</sub> pico: consumo de oxígeno pico; VSI: volumen sistólico indexado</p>
					</fn>
				</table-wrap-foot>
			</table-wrap>
		</p>
		<p>Entre las distintas variables del ecocardiograma se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa en la regresión lineal entre la variable TAPSE/ PSAP y el VO<sub>2</sub>pico con coeficiente beta 27,5 (p=0,003) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1</xref>). No se encontró asociación significativa entre otros parámetros de valor pronóstico del TECP en HAP, como el cociente VE/VCO<sub>2</sub>, y otras variables ecocardiográficas.</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f1">
				<label>Fig. 1</label>
				<caption>
					<title>Asociación del VO<sub>2</sub>pico con la relación TAPSE/PSAP </title>
					<p> IC 95%: intervalo de confianza del 95%; PSAP: presión sistólica de la arteria pulmonar; TAPSE: excursión sistólica del plano del anillo tricuspídeo; VO2pico: consumo de oxígeno pico</p>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="1850-3748-rac-93-01-83-gf1.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>El remodelado de las arteriolas, inherente a la hipertensión pulmonar precapilar causa un incremento progresivo del espacio muerto fisiológico, es decir, aumenta el número de alvéolos que estando sanos y bien ventilados no están perfundidos en reposo. Con el avance de la enfermedad y la progresión del remodelado, el número de alvéolos perfundidos es cada vez menor, como también lo es su reclutamiento durante el esfuerzo. Esta alteración de la relación ventilación/ perfusión provoca una progresiva ineficiencia ventilatoria que es responsable de la disnea de esfuerzo de estos pacientes: precisan ventilar más para captar O<sub>2</sub> y eliminar CO<sub>2</sub>. La fisiopatología de los pacientes con HAP que se pone de manifiesto durante el TECP se ha descripto en numerosos trabajos. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>)</p>
		<p>Conforme avanza la enfermedad vascular pulmonar, se produce remodelado adaptativo y mal adaptativo del ventrículo derecho, condicionando el acoplamiento ventrículo arterial (VD-AP). (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>)</p>
		<p>La relación TAPSE/PSAP es una medida no invasiva que se correlaciona con la medición invasiva del acoplamiento VD-AP. Esta asociación tiene implicancia pronóstica en pacientes con HTP precapilar. Ghio et al. examinaron el acoplamiento VD-AP, evaluado como TAPSE/PSAP, durante una prueba de esfuerzo con dobutamina en pacientes con HP precapilar. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>) Considerando la incorporación del parámetro TAPSE/PSAP a las GPHP, con la demostración de su valor pronóstico en pacientes con HP así como la utilidad ya establecida del TECP para la estratificación de riesgo, diagnóstico y seguimiento de estos pacientes, el principal hallazgo de nuestro estudio consiste en haber encontrado una fuerte asociación entre la variable TAPSE/PSAP basal con el VO<sub>2</sub>pico, y con solo 7 pacientes.</p>
		<p>Al día de la finalización de este escrito, no existe evidencia adicional sobre la asociación de la variable TAPSE/PSAP con el VO<sub>2</sub>pico. La información predictiva de un parámetro de fácil obtención como la relación TAPSE/PSAP, resulta de mucha utilidad teniendo en cuenta la accesibilidad y menor costo de la ecocardiografía respecto de la ergoespirometría, especialmente en escenarios como el manejo de esta condición hemodinámica en regiones de bajos y medianos ingresos. Consideramos que el resultado hallado permite generar una hipótesis que impulse el desarrollo de un estudio con inclusión de mayor número de pacientes.</p>
		<p>Consideraciones éticas</p>
		<p>No aplica</p>
	</body>
	<back>
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	<!--<sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="en">
		<front-stub>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>SCIENTIFIC LETTER</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Ergospirometry in Patients with Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension: Evaluation of the Predictive Value of Echocardiographic Variables</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0004-6377-1440</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>D'amelio</surname>
						<given-names>Nicolás M.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4836-691X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Kaplan</surname>
						<given-names>Paula J.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5629-455X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Lago</surname>
						<given-names>Manuel</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0005-5006-295X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Souto</surname>
						<given-names>Germán J.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2848-2289</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Amor</surname>
						<given-names>Miguel</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
					<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4"><sup>MTSAC</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3169-3386</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>Bruzzese</surname>
						<given-names>Martín</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="original"> Pulmonary Hypertension Program Department and Pneumotisiology Uni of Hospital Gral. de Agudos J. M. Ramos Mejía, Argentina </institution>
					<institution content-type="orgdiv2">Pulmonary Hypertension Program</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Department and Pneumotisiology Uni</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Gral. de Agudos J. M. Ramos Mejía</institution>
					<country country="AR">Argentina</country>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2">
					<label><italic>Correspondence</italic></label><italic>:</italic> Nicolas D'Amelio . E-mail: <email>nicolasdamelio@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn4">
					<label>MTSAC</label>
					<p>Miembro Titular de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="conflict" id="fn2">
					<label>Conflicts of interest</label>
					<p> None declared. (See conflicts of interest forms on the website).</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<p>Ergospirometry or cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) and non-surgical chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) allows obtaining predictor variables, such as peak oxygen uptake (peak VO<sub>2</sub>) and ventilation (VE)/carbon dioxide production (VCO<sub>2</sub>) ratio, and is suggested by the Guidelines on Pulmonary Hypertension for risk stratification, as is the tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion distance (TAPSE)/systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) ratio measured by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">1</xref>) The predictive association between the TAPSE/sPAP ratio and the above mentioned CPET variables is not defined in this population.</p>
			<p>The primary objective of this study was to evaluate echocardiographic parameters of right ventricular (RV) function as predictors of exercise capacity in patients with PAH and non-surgical CTEPH. Secondary objectives were to determine the association between VE/VCO<sub>2</sub> and echocardiographic variables such as TAPSE, sPAP, right ventricle (RV) fractional area change (FAC) and right atrial area.</p>
			<p>It was an observational, cross-sectional, pathophysiological and prospective study.</p>
			<p>We recruited 7 patients aged between 18 and 65 years, of whom 5 were diagnosed with idiopathic PAH, 1 with PH associated with connective tissue disease, and 1 with non-surgical CTEPH. All were followed up as part of the Pulmonary Hypertension Program at Hospital Ramos Mejía. The diagnosis of PH was confirmed by right heart catheterization according to the 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) Guidelines on Pulmonary Hypertension. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">1</xref>)</p>
			<p>Patients were required to be on stable drug therapy for at least the last 4 weeks prior to study entry.</p>
			<p>This was defined as no new PH-specific therapy or no change in the dose of the current specific therapy.</p>
			<p>The CPETs and TTEs were performed no more than 15 days apart and by the same operator in each study. Patients were at low risk according to REVEAL 2.0. The CPETs were performed with portable equipment, on a treadmill, using a COSMED model K5 gas analyzer and a modified Bruce protocol with procedures in accordance with the current guideline recommendations. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">1</xref>) The following variables were considered: peak VO<sub>2</sub>, VCO<sub>2</sub>, minute ventilation (VE) and heart rate. The echocardiograms were performed using a General Electric VV7 equipment. All measurements of cardiac structure and function were performed according to the current guidelines. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">2</xref>)</p>
			<p>Statistical analysis was performed using Student's test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test for paired data and a p-value &lt; 0.05 was considered significant.</p>
			<p>Five of the seven patients were female. The median age (interquartile range, IQR) was 48 (29-53) years. Two patients received treprostinil, macitentan and sildenafil, two received sildenafil, ambrisentan and selexipag, two received tadalafil and ambrisentan and one received sildenafil and ambrisentan. <xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Table 1</xref> shows the hemodynamic values of the population.</p>
			<p>
				<table-wrap id="t2">
					<label>Table 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>General characteristics</title>
					</caption>
					<table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
						<colgroup>
							<col/>
							<col/>
						</colgroup>
						<thead>
							<tr style="border: 0; background-color:#ab0534;color:#ffffff;">
								<th align="center">Characteristic</th>
								<th align="center">Median (IQR)</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">mPAP (mmHg)</td>
								<td align="center">59 (34-70)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">CO (L/min)</td>
								<td align="center">4.75 (4.3-5)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">CI (L/min/m<sup>2</sup>)</td>
								<td align="center">2.83 (2.6-2,9)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">ISV (mL/m<sup>2</sup>)</td>
								<td align="center">34.5 (27.5-41)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">PA SaO<sub>2</sub> (%)</td>
								<td align="center">68 (63-73)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">PVR (WU)</td>
								<td align="center">11 (7.8-12,3)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">peak VO<sub>2</sub> (mL/kg/min)</td>
								<td align="center">17.1 (15.7-21)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">peak VE/VCO<sub>2</sub></td>
								<td align="center">34.1 (28.4-43.2)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">Right atrium (cm<sup>2</sup>)</td>
								<td align="center">20 (18-23)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">TAPSE (mm)</td>
								<td align="center">18 (17-19)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">sPAP (mmHg)</td>
								<td align="center">40 (35-69)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">TAPSE/sPAP</td>
								<td align="center">0.45 (0.26-0.49)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr style="border-bottom: 2px solid white; background-color: #e3aea9;">
								<td align="center">FAC (%)</td>
								<td align="center">35 (24-48)</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<table-wrap-foot>
						<fn id="TFN2">
							<p>CI, cardiac index; CO: cardiac output; IQR, interquartile range; FAC: right ventricular fractional area change; ISV: indexed left ventricular systolic volume; mPAP: mean pulmonary artery pressure; MV: minute volume; PA SaO<sub>2</sub>: pulmonary artery O<sub>2</sub> saturation; PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance; sPAP: systolic pulmonary artery pressure; TAPSE, tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion; VE/VCO<sub>2</sub>: minute ventilation/CO<sub>2</sub> production ratio at peak exercise; WU: Wood unit; peak VO<sub>2</sub>: peak oxygen uptake;</p>
						</fn>
					</table-wrap-foot>
				</table-wrap>
			</p>
			<p>Among different echocardiographic variables, a statistically significant association was found in linear regression between the TAPSE/sPAP variable and peak VO<sub>2</sub> with a β coefficient = 27.5 (p=0.003) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 1</xref>). No significant association was found among other CPET parameters with predictive value in PAH, such as the VE/VCO<sub>2</sub> ratio, and other echocardiographic variables.</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f2">
					<label>Fig. 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>Association between peak VO<sub>2</sub> and TAPSE/sPAP ratio. </title>
						<p> 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; sPAP: systolic pulmonary artery pressure; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; peak VO2: peak oxygen consumption.</p>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1850-3748-rac-93-01-83-gf2.jpg"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>Remodeling of the arterioles, inherent to precapillary pulmonary hypertension, causes a progressive increase in physiological dead space, that is, an increase in the number of alveoli that are healthy and wellventilated but poorly perfused at rest. As the disease progresses and remodeling continues, the number of perfused alveoli decreases, as does their recruitment during exercise. This ventilation/perfusion mismatch causes progressive ventilatory inefficiency that is responsible for the exertional dyspnea in these patients: they need to increase ventilation to take in O<sub>2</sub> and eliminate CO<sub>2</sub>. The pathophysiology of patients with PAH that becomes evident during CPET has been described in numerous studies. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">3</xref>)</p>
			<p>As pulmonary vascular disease progresses, adaptive and maladaptive right ventricle remodeling occurs, conditioning the right ventricular-pulmonary artery coupling (RV-PA). (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">5</xref>)</p>
			<p>The TAPSE/sPAP ratio is a noninvasive measurement that correlates with invasive measurement of RV-PA coupling. This association has prognostic implications in patients with precapillary PH. Ghio et al. examined the RV-PA coupling, assessed as TAPSE/ sPAP, during a dobutamine stress test in patients with precapillary PH. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">6</xref>) Considering the inclusion of the TAPSE/sPAP parameter in the Guidelines on Pulmonary Hypertension and the demonstration of its predictor value in patients with PH as well as the already established usefulness of the CPET for risk stratification, diagnosis and follow-up of these patients, the main finding of our study is the solid association between baseline TAPSE/sPAP variable with peak VO2 in only 7 patients.</p>
			<p>At the time of writing, no further evidence on the association between TAPSE/sPAP variable and peak VO<sub>2</sub> has been found. The predictive information of an easily obtained parameter such as the TAPSE/ sPAP ratio is very useful in view of the accessibility and lower cost of echocardiography compared to ergospirometry, especially in contexts such as the treatment of this hemodynamic condition in low and middle-income regions. In our opinion, this result allows the development of a hypothesis that will encourage the performance of a study involving a larger number of patients.</p>
			<p>Ethical considerations</p>
			<p>Not applicable</p>
		</body>
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