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	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">rac</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>Revista argentina de cardiología</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Rev Argent Cardiol</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="ppub">0034-7000</issn>
			<issn pub-type="epub">1850-3748</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7775/rac.es.v93.i1.20868</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">00016</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>CARTAS DE LECTORES</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Trabajo miocárdico en ecocardiograma estrés con dipiridamol</article-title>
				<trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
					<trans-title>Myocardial Work in Stress Echocardiography with Dipyridamole</trans-title>
				</trans-title-group>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0003-7506-712X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>SEIJO BEHETY</surname>
						<given-names>MILAGROS</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				</contrib-group>
				<aff id="aff1">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="original">Médica Ecocardiografista, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile</institution>
					<institution content-type="normalized">Clínica Las Condes</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Clínica Las Condes</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<named-content content-type="city">Santiago</named-content>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="CL">Chile</country>
					<email>miliseijo@gmail.com</email>
				</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">
					<label>Dirección para correspondencia</label>: Milagros Seijo Behety, Estoril 450, Santiago, Chile Correo electrónico: <email>miliseijo@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict" id="fn2">
					<label>Declaración de conflicto de interés</label>
					<p> Los autores declaran que no tienen conflictos de interés. (Véanse formularios de conflictos de interés de los autores en la Web).</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<!--<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>26</day>
				<month>02</month>
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<season>Jan-Feb</season>
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>-->
			<pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
				<season>Jan-Feb</season>
				<year>2025</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>93</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<fpage>87</fpage>
			<lpage>88</lpage>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="es">
					<license-p>Este es un artículo publicado en acceso abierto bajo una licencia Creative Commons</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="0"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="5"/>
				<page-count count="2"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<p>El ecocardiograma estrés (EE) es una técnica ampliamente utilizada en nuesto medio, dada su disponibilidad, y aporte pronóstico en diferentes patologías cardíacas, especialmente en la enfermedad coronaria. El uso de apremio farmacológico con dipiridamol puede encontrarse un poco más limitado en ocasiones debido a falta de acceso, pacientes que presentan contraindicaciones, o simplemente por falta de confianza o conocimiento del profesional que lo solicita. La evidencia de estudios que comparen directamente la sensibilidad y especificidad del EE con dobutamina o dipiridamol es amplia y diversa, varios estudios concuerdan que tiene una leve superioridad en la sensibilidad la dobutamina, lo que podría determinar que sea más utilizada en el día a día, mientras que hay otros estudios que afirman que tienen similar sensibilidad y especificidad. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>) Las guías de cardiología tampoco priorizan un fármaco sobre el otro, a pesar de que suele mencionarse más la dobutamina como ejemplo en distintos trabajos.</p>
		<p>El artículo “Comportamiento del trabajo miocárdico como marcador de isquemia en el ecocardiograma estrés con dipiridamol” de Saad y colaboradores nos abre la posibilidad de ampliar la búsqueda ecocardiográfica a determinaciones menos usuales como el trabajo miocárdico y sus derivados, para aumentar la sensibilidad y especificidad de aquellos individuos con isquemia. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>) También refuerza los puntos a favor del EE con dipiridamol, como la determinación de la reserva coronaria de la descendente anterior, y el <italic>strain</italic> longitudinal global (SLG).</p>
		<p>La determinación de este último es solicitada por muchos cardiólogos como dato adicional para toma de conducta o evaluación complementaria de diferentes patologías (desde valvulopatías y enfermedad coronaria a cardiotoxicidad, etc.). Incluir la toma de la presión arterial nos permite de manera indirecta realizar el cálculo del trabajo miocárdico de manera no invasiva.</p>
		<p>La evaluación del trabajo miocárdico de manera no invasiva por ecocardiograma tiene un fundamento fisiopatológico atractivo, que viene siendo demostrado en distintos estudios en los últimos años. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>)</p>
		<p>La evidencia del análisis del trabajo miocárdico en los estudios con dobutamina es escasa y por el momento sin resultados prometedores. Ello abre la oportunidad para el uso del apremio con dipiridamol, que permite incrementar la especificidad de la medición y desenmascarar aquellos pacientes con isquemia, habida cuenta de la demostración del trabajo desechado y la disminución del trabajo eficiente en esta condición.</p>
		<p>A pesar de que los datos arrojados en este trabajo son alentadores, aún quedan claras las limitaciones del mismo, marcadas por sus autores (trabajo retrospectivo, N de pacientes, la falta de seguimiento anatómico, etc.) Esto nos debería incentivar a explorar más esta área, reforzando así la importancia de mantenernos actualizados y sumar al análisis convencional de la motilidad, y la fracción de eyección, el trabajo miocárdico como una herramienta avanzada y no invasiva para la evaluación de la función del ventrículo izquierdo, a fin de ofrecer diagnósticos más certeros y adecuados para nuestros pacientes.</p>
	</body>
	<back>
		<ref-list>
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		<fn-group>
			<fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
				<label>Consideraciones Éticas</label>
				<p> No aplica.</p>
			</fn>
		</fn-group>
	</back>
	<!--<sub-article article-type="reply" id="s1" xml:lang="es">
		<front-stub>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>RESPUESTA</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>RESPUESTA DE LOS AUTORES</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Saad</surname>
						<given-names>Ariel K.</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"><sup>MTSAC</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
					<label>MTSAC</label>
					<p>Miembro Titular de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<p>En primer lugar, queremos agradecer los comentarios y el interés mostrado por la Dra. Milagros Seijo Behety en nuestro trabajo. El ecocardiograma estrés (EE) posee muchas ventajas en relación con otras técnicas de imagen, fundamentalmente vinculadas con el costo, la ausencia de radiaciones y la baja contaminación del medio ambiente. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>1</sup></xref> Sin embargo, y particularmente el EE con dipiridamol, es en ocasiones subutilizado por desconocimiento del método y/o falta de disponibilidad del fármaco. Las principales guías de práctica clínica proponen la utilización de herramientas cuantitativas en el análisis de los resultados, no solo en lo relacionado a la motilidad miocárdica sino también en la medición de la reserva contráctil y la reserva coronaria entre otros parámetros. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>2</sup></xref> En este sentido, el <italic>strain</italic> longitudinal y el trabajo miocárdico, que toma en cuenta además las condiciones de carga, pueden ayudar a mejorar la sensibilidad y especificidad del estudio en la detección de enfermedad miocárdica, debido a que el EE dipiridamol permite obtener imágenes de buena calidad, ideales para la utilización de esta herramienta. No obstante, como lo menciona la Dra. Seijo en su carta, son necesarios estudios de mayores dimensiones para confirmar estos hallazgos.</p>
			<sig-block>
				<sig>Ariel K. Saad </sig>MTSAC</sig-block>
		</body>
		<back>
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							<name>
								<surname>Porter</surname>
								<given-names>TR</given-names>
							</name>
							<name>
								<surname>Sawada</surname>
								<given-names>SG</given-names>
							</name>
						</person-group>
						<article-title>Guidelines for Performance, Interpretation, and Application of Stress Echocardiography in Ischemic Heart Disease: From the American Society of Echocardiography</article-title>
						<source>J Am Soc Echocardiogr</source>
						<year>2020</year>
						<volume>33</volume>
						<fpage>1</fpage>
						<lpage>41</lpage>
						<elocation-id>e8</elocation-id>
						<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2019.07.001">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.echo.2019.07.001</ext-link>
					</element-citation>
				</ref>
			</ref-list>
		</back>
	</sub-article>
	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="s2" xml:lang="en">
		<front-stub>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>LETTERS FROM READERS</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Myocardial Work in Stress Echocardiography with Dipyridamole</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0003-7506-712X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>SEIJO BEHETY</surname>
						<given-names>MILAGROS</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<aff id="aff2">
					<label>1</label>
					<institution content-type="original"> Medical Echocardiographer, Clínica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile</institution>
					<institution content-type="normalized">Clínica Las Condes</institution>
					<institution content-type="orgname">Clínica Las Condes</institution>
					<addr-line>
						<city>Santiago</city>
					</addr-line>
					<country country="CL">Chile</country>
				</aff>
			</contrib-group>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c2">
					<label>Correspondence</label>: Milagros Seijo Behety, Estoril 450, Santiago, Chile. E-mail: <email>miliseijo@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="conflict" id="fn11">
					<p>Conflicts of interest None declared. (See authors' conflict of interests forms on the web).</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<p>Stress echocardiography (SE) is a widely used technique in our setting, due to its availability and prognostic value in different cardiac pathologies, especially in coronary artery disease. The use of pharmacological stress with dipyridamole may sometimes be slightly limited owing to the lack of access, patients with contraindications, or simply lack of confidence or knowledge of the professional requesting it. The evidence of studies that directly compare the sensitivity and specificity of SE with dobutamine or dipyridamole is wide and diverse, several studies agree that dobutamine has a slight superior sensitivity, which could determine its more frequent use on a daily basis, while other studies claim that both have similar sensitivity and specificity. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>) Cardiology guidelines do not prioritize one drug over the other, although dobutamine is usually mentioned more frequently as an example in different works.</p>
			<p>The article “Behavior of myocardial work as a marker of ischemia in stress echocardiography with dipyridamole” by Saad et al. opens the possibility of extending the echocardiographic search to less usual determinations such as myocardial work and its derivatives, to increase the sensitivity and specificity of those individuals with ischemia. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>) It also reinforces the points in favor of ES with dipyridamole, such as the determination of coronary flow reserve of the left anterior descending coronary artery, and global longitudinal strain (GLS).</p>
			<p>Global longitudinal strain determination for behavioral assessment or complementary evaluation of different pathologies, (from valvulopathies and coronary artery disease to cardiotoxicity, etc.) is requested by many cardiologists as additional data. The inclusion of blood pressure measurement allows us to indirectly calculate myocardial workload in a non-invasive manner.</p>
			<p>Non-invasive evaluation of myocardial work by echocardiography has an attractive pathophysiological basis, which has been demonstrated in several studies in recent years. (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>)</p>
			<p>The evidence of myocardial work analysis in studies with dobutamine is scarce and so far, without promising results. This opens the opportunity for the use of pharmacological stress with dipyridamole, which allows to increase the specificity of the measurement and to unmask those patients with ischemia,owing to the demonstration of wasted work and the decrease of efficient work in this condition.</p>
			<p>Although the data obtained in this study is encouraging, as pointed out by its authors, their limitations, (retrospective study, number of patients, lack of anatomical follow-up, etc.) are still clear. This should encourage us to further explore this area, thus reinforcing the importance of keeping up to date and adding, to the conventional analysis of motility and ejection fraction, myocardial work as an advanced and noninvasive tool for the evaluation of left ventricular function, in order to offer more accurate and appropriate diagnoses for our patients.</p>
		</body>
		<back>
			<fn-group>
				<fn fn-type="other" id="fn10">
					<label>Ethical considerations</label>
					<p> Not applicable.</p>
				</fn>
			</fn-group>
		</back>
		<sub-article article-type="translation" id="s3" xml:lang="en">
			<front-stub>
				<article-categories>
					<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
						<subject>REPLY</subject>
					</subj-group>
				</article-categories>
				<title-group>
					<article-title>AUTHORS’ REPLY</article-title>
				</title-group>
				<contrib-group>
					<contrib contrib-type="author">
						<name>
							<surname>Saad</surname>
							<given-names>Ariel K.</given-names>
						</name>
						<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>MTSAC</sup></xref>
					</contrib>
				</contrib-group>
				<author-notes>
					<fn fn-type="other" id="fn12">
						<p>Miembro Titular de la Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología</p>
					</fn>
				</author-notes>
			</front-stub>
			<body>
				<p>First of all, we would like to thank Dr. Milagros Seijo Behety for her interest and comments on our work. Stress echocardiography (SE) has many advantages over other imaging techniques, mainly related to its low cost, the absence of radiation and low environmental contamination. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>1</sup></xref> However, SE with dipyridamole is sometimes inadequately used due to unfamiliarity with the method and/or lack of drug availability. The main clinical practice guidelines propose the use of quantitative tools to analyze the results, not only in relation to myocardial motility, but also in the measurement of contractile and coronary reserve, among other parameters. <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>2</sup></xref> In this sense, longitudinal strain and myocardial work, which takes into account loading conditions, can help to improve the sensitivity and specificity of the study to detect myocardial disease, since SE with dipyridamole allows obtaining good quality images, that are ideal for the use of this tool. However, as Dr. Seijo mentions in her letter, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.</p>
				<sig-block>
					<sig>Ariel K. Saad </sig>MTSAC</sig-block>
			</body>
		</sub-article>
	</sub-article>-->
</article>