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	<front>
		<journal-meta>
             <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">oce</journal-id>
         <journal-title-group>
            <journal-title>Oculum Ensaios</journal-title>
            <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Oculum ens.</abbrev-journal-title>
         </journal-title-group>
         <issn pub-type="ppub">1519-7727</issn>
         <issn pub-type="epub">2318-0919</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta> 
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24220/2318-0919v15n1a4122</article-id>
			<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">00002</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>VISUAL ESSAY</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>THE DRAWING AND THE LOOK: TO LEANDRO</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7944-7782</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>SCHENK</surname>
						<given-names>LUCIANA BONGIOVANNI MARTINS</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7195-777X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>SCHENK</surname>
						<given-names>LEANDRO RODOLFO</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff1">
				<label>1</label>
				<institution content-type="original">Universidade de São Paulo | Instituto de Arquitetura e Urbanismo | Av. Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, centro, 13565-590, São Carlos, SP, Brasil</institution>
				<institution content-type="normalized">Universidade de São Paulo</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de São Paulo</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Instituto de Arquitetura e Urbanismo</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">São Carlos</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff2">
				<label>2</label>
				<institution content-type="original">Universidade de Araraquara | Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo | Araraquara, SP, Brasil.</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de Araraquara</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">Araraquara</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c1">Correspondência para/Correspondence to: L.B.M. SCHENK | E-mail: &lt;<email>lucianas@sc.usp.br</email>&gt;.</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="con" id="fn1">
					<label>CONTRIBUTORS</label>
					<p> L.B.M. SCHENK contributed in the writing of the text and L.R. SCHENCK in the creation of the drawings.</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
				<season>Jan-Apr</season>
				<year>2018</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>15</volume>
			<issue>1</issue>
			<fpage>13</fpage>
			<lpage>31</lpage>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="16"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="0"/>
				<page-count count="19"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<p>Drafting, foreshortening, croquis. A special pencil bought in a trip and carefully kept, or a ballpoint pen at hand at the precise moment. The paper too could be that one kept besides the special pen in the office’s most coveted drawer, where the preciousness of drawing and painting collected throughout the years is stored. Or it could be the most ordinary one of them, a calendar page, a napkin, a sheet of printing paper grabbed out of the copy-maker.</p>
		<p>The reason, of our interest, is not exactly exterior, as one would firstly think of. The moment could be that meeting or planned event when the drawer’s objects travel along with their owner - short and long trips, all equally wanted for what moves these traces on paper, or seems to move this drawer is something that needs to be reported.</p>
		<p>A story he tells about how he discovered the drawing’s potential testifies his perspective, shared with other authors, that everyone draws, anyone can draw. When he was a little boy, he watched an apartment neighbor drawing and was dazzled with that prodigy. At that time, he thought it was a gift, as we commonly do. But the little boy, that time in which we have wings, also imagined if he could draw like that.</p>
		<p>For one of those chances that occur in life, he had at home a course from <italic>Instituto Universal Brasileiro</italic>, that claimed to teach drawing step-by-step. It was a time when curiosity and contacts were fed by printed letters and images: almanacs, encyclopedias, correspondence courses, and handwritten letters. The boy surrenders to drawing and discovers, following the fascicles, his own path.</p>
		<p>Drawing is not an end, but a means, path, movement. What is fundamentally develo­ped is a look. It is not only about trained ability being developed, but of a daily coexistence with intuition.</p>
		<p>There is no distance between the drawer and his drawing. When observed, his look captures memorable moments and banalities, places and absences. Drawing translates a paradox, its appearance is static, pencil on paper, ballpoint on napkin, but its genesis is a movement that goes from the world to the drawer, and comes back. What one sees is always creation, invention.</p>
		<p>Such coexistence with intuition feeds into the architect, his hand prolonging his reflections and giving things shape. The reason for drawing, that we are interested in reporting, is inside the drawer, in the relation between perception and desire, one that moves intuition and reflection in the same line of thought, feeling, in design, solutions, and that enchains them: a sequence of drawings that makes this movement that concretizes its supposed solution visible.</p>
		<p>Visiting his drawings is discrediting that the croquis will be overcome by virtual media, not because it is not able to amaze us - it certainly is, in many cases -, but specially because the process of generating these representations, calculated, mediated, breaks with the perspective of living with intuition that is vital to creation.</p>
		<p>For that architect and urbanist, drawing is a vital need, a manifestation of the world coming into his eyes and going off his hands in an ever-present movement.</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f1">
				<caption>
					<title>Schnauzers of the geologist Evaristo Pereira Goulart, 1996</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf1.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f2">
				<caption>
					<title>Greenhouses in the Nursery Manequinho Lopes, Ibirapuera Park, São Paulo, 1993</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf2.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f3">
				<caption>
					<title>Conceptive Croquis for the Praça Enzo Ferrari Contest, São Paulo, 1997</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf3.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f4">
				<caption>
					<title>Conceptive Croquis for a Ranch, Analândia, 2000</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf4.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f5">
				<caption>
					<title>Conceptive Croquis for the Elevado Costa e Silva Contest, São Paulo, 2006</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf5.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f6">
				<caption>
					<title>Nucifera coconuts, Guaecá Beach, 2002</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf6.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f7">
				<caption>
					<title>Illustrations for the Master’s degree dissertation “<italic>William Forsythe: contato e tradução para construção de autonomia em dança</italic>”, of the choreographer Luiz Fernando Bongiovanni Martins, Unicamp, 2016</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf7.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f8">
				<caption>
					<title>Imaginary Face of a Notebook’s corner, 2016</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf8.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f9">
				<caption>
					<title>Picture of José Saramago, 2007</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf9.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f10">
				<caption>
					<title>Conceptive Croquis for the Parque Vivencial do Gama Contest, Brasília, 2012</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf10.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f11">
				<caption>
					<title>Details of House Building, 2014</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf11.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f12">
				<caption>
					<title>Volkswagen Fusca, 2016</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf12.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f13">
				<caption>
					<title>Square for the Subway Spezia, Torino, 2016</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf13.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f14">
				<caption>
					<title>Imaginary Croquis of a Notebook’s corner, 2017</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf14.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f15">
				<caption>
					<title>Cidade Aracy, São Carlos, 2016</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf15.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f16">
				<caption>
					<title>Cidade Aracy, São Carlos, 2016</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="3517151002-gf16.jpg"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
	</body>
	<!--sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>ENSAIO VISUAL</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>O DESENHO E O OLHAR: PARA LEANDRO</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7944-7782</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>SCHENK</surname>
						<given-names>LUCIANA BONGIOVANNI MARTINS</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7195-777X</contrib-id>
					<name>
						<surname>SCHENK</surname>
						<given-names>LEANDRO RODOLFO</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff01">
				<label>1</label>
				<institution content-type="original">Universidade de São Paulo | Instituto de Arquitetura e Urbanismo | Av. Trabalhador Sancarlense, 400, centro, 13565-590, São Carlos, SP, Brasil</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff02">
				<label>2</label>
				<institution content-type="original">Universidade de Araraquara | Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo | Araraquara, SP, Brasil.</institution>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c01">Correspondência para/Correspondence to: L.B.M. SCHENK | E-mail: &lt;<email>lucianas@sc.usp.br</email>&gt;.</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="con" id="fn01">
					<label>COLABORADORES</label>
					<p> L.B.M. SCHENK colaborou na redação do texto e L. SCHENCK na criação dos desenhos.</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<p>Esboço, escorço, croqui. Um especial lápis, comprado em viagem e guardado cuidadosamente, ou uma caneta esferográfica que estaria à mão no instante exato. O papel, do mesmo modo, poderia ser aquele guardado ao lado do especial lápis e que mora na gaveta mais cobiçada do escritório: a que guarda as preciosidades de desenhar e pintar colecionadas ao longo dos anos. Papel, poderia também ser o mais ordinário deles, folha de agenda, guardanapo, um sulfite sacado da copiadora...</p>
			<p>O motivo, esse interessa, não está exatamente fora, como seria o primeiro pensamento. O momento poderia ser aquela reunião ou, ao contrário, planejado evento quando os objetos da gaveta partem em viagem com seu dono, grandes e pequenas viagens, todas igualmente desejadas, pois o que move esses traços sobre o papel, o que parece movimentar esse desenhador é algo que merece ser relatado.</p>
			<p>Uma história que ele conta acerca de como descobriu a potência do desenho testemunha sua perspectiva, corroborada por outros autores, de que todos desenham, todos podem desenhar. Quando menino assistia um vizinho de apartamento desenhar e maravilhava-se com aquele prodígio. Naquele tempo pensava, como é comum pensar, tratar-se de dom. Mas, menino, esse tempo em que temos asas, também imaginava se poderia desenhar assim.</p>
			<p>Por um desses acasos que nos fazem a vida, tinha em casa um curso do Instituto Universal Brasileiro que afirmava ensinar a desenhar passo a passo. Tratava-se de um tempo em que a curiosidade e os contatos eram alimentados por letras e imagens impressas: almanaques, enciclopédias, cursos por correspondência e cartas à mão. O menino se entrega ao desenhar e descobre, segundo os fascículos, seu próprio caminho. </p>
			<p>Desenhar não é finalidade, mas antes meio, percurso, movimento. O que se desenvolve fundamentalmente é um olhar. Não se trata apenas de habilidade que treinada vai sendo ampliada, mas de uma convivência cotidiana com a intuição.</p>
			<p>Não há distância alguma entre o desenhador e seu desenho. Quando observa, seu olhar captura momentos memoráveis e banalidades, lugares e ausências. O desenho traduz um paradoxo, seu aparecer é estático, lápis sobre papel, esferográfica sobre guardanapo, mas sua gênese é movimento que vai do mundo ao desenhador, e volta. O que se vê é sempre criação, invenção.</p>
			<p>Essa convivência com a intuição alimenta o arquiteto, a mão prolonga suas reflexões e dá forma às formas. O motivo do desenhar, aquilo que interessa aqui relatar, está dentro do desenhador, na particular relação entre percepção e desejo, que agencia intuição e reflexão numa mesma chave, que tateia, no caso do projetar, por soluções, e as encadeia: sequência de desenhos que vão deixando ver esse movimento que concretiza a suposta solução.</p>
			<p>Frequentar seus desenhos é desacreditar na possibilidade de superação dos croquis pelas mídias virtuais, não porque eles não sejam capazes de nos maravilharem, certamente o são, em muitos casos; mas especialmente porque o processo de geração dessas representações, calculado, mediado, rompe com a perspectiva da convivência com a intuição, essa sim vital à criação.</p>
			<p>Nesse arquiteto urbanista, desenhar é necessidade vital, desenho que é manifestação do mundo que lhe entra pelos olhos e lhe sai pela mão num movimento sempre presente.</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f01">
					<caption>
						<title>Schnauzers do geólogo Evaristo Pereira Goulart, 1996</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf1-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f02">
					<caption>
						<title>Estufas do Viveiro Manequinho Lopes, Parque do Ibirapuera, São Paulo, 1993</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf2-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f03">
					<caption>
						<title>Croquis Conceptivos para o Concurso Praça Enzo Ferrari, São Paulo, 1997</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf3-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f04">
					<caption>
						<title>Croquis Conceptivos para um Rancho, Analândia, 2000</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf4-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f05">
					<caption>
						<title>Croquis Conceptivos para o Concurso Elevado Costa e Silva, São Paulo, 2006</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf5-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f06">
					<caption>
						<title>Cocos nucifera, Praia de Guaecá, 2002</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf6-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f07">
					<caption>
						<title>Ilustrações para a Dissertação de Mestrado “William Forsythe: contato e tradução para construção de autonomia em dança”, do coreógrafo Luiz Fernando Bongiovanni Martins, Unicamp, 2016</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf7-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f08">
					<caption>
						<title>Rosto Imaginário de Canto de Caderno, 2016</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf8-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f09">
					<caption>
						<title>Retrato de José Saramago, 2007</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf9-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f010">
					<caption>
						<title>Croquis Conceptivos para o Concurso Parque Vivencial do Gama, Brasília, 2012</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf10-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f011">
					<caption>
						<title>Detalhamentos Construtivos Residenciais, 2014</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf11-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f012">
					<caption>
						<title>Volkswagen Fusca, 2016</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf12-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f013">
					<caption>
						<title>Praça do Metrô Spezia, Torino, 2016</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf13-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f014">
					<caption>
						<title>Croqui Imaginário de Canto de Caderno, 2017</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf14-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f015">
					<caption>
						<title>Cidade Aracy, São Carlos, 2016</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf15-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f016">
					<caption>
						<title>Cidade Aracy, São Carlos, 2016</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="1519-7727-oce-15-01-00013-gf16-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
		</body>
	</sub-article-->
</article>