Review Article
Non-pharmacological interventions for side effects of antineoplastic chemotherapy prioritized by patients: systematic review
Intervenciones no-farmacológicas para efectos secundarios a la quimioterapia antineoplásica priorizados por pacientes: revisión sistemática
Intervenções não farmacológicas para efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia antineoplásica priorizados pelos pacientes: revisão sistemática
María Elizabeth Gómez-Neva m.gomezn@javeriana.edu.co
Edwin Pulido-Ramirez pulidoedwin@javeriana.edu.co
Leidy Johana Ibañez-Rodriguez leidy.ibanez@javeriana.edu.co
Oscar Caroprese ocaropresse@g mail.com
Adriana Buitrago-Lopez buitragod@javeriana.edu.co
Non-pharmacological interventions for side effects of antineoplastic chemotherapy prioritized by patients: systematic review
Revista Cuidarte, vol. 15, núm. 3, e3612, 2024
Programa de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Santander UDES
Recepção: 29 Novembro 2023
Revised document received: 12 Julho 2024
Aprovação: 11 Outubro 2024
Abstract
Introduction: Different non-pharmacological interventions have been studied to manage symptoms derived from chemotherapy, but their effectiveness is unknown.
Objective: To describe non-pharmacological interventions for managing symptoms secondary to antineoplastic chemotherapy in adults.
Materials and Methods: Systematic review of analytical experimental and observational studies (2021 to 2023). The studies were selected, and data was extracted in parallel. Discrepancies were resolved with a third reviewer. The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias (RoB) tool and The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The literature was synthesized descriptively based on prioritized outcomes.
Results: The prioritized outcomes were neutropenia, pain, neuropathy, nausea, vomiting, alopecia, anorexia, and sleep disorders. Out of 7520 references found, 62 were included for analysis. Acupressure showed a possible effect in controlling symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. The intervention with cold on the scalp showed differences in the stages of alopecia severity. Other interventions showed heterogeneity.
Discussion: Non-pharmacological interventions have been widely described in observational and experimental studies in the control of side effects of chemotherapy; however, there is homogeneity and a high risk of bias.
Conclusion: Acupressure, muscle massage, music therapy, foot baths, and other interventions have been studied for nausea, vomiting, sleep disorders, neutropenia, alopecia, anorexia, pain, and neuropathy as secondary symptoms prioritized by patients. It is necessary to standardize both the interventions and how measure the outcomes.
Keywords: Complementary Therapies+ Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions+ Integrative Oncology+ Signs and Symptoms.
Resumen
Introducción: Diferentes intervenciones no farmacológicas se han estudiado para manejar los síntomas derivados de la quimioterapia, pero se desconoce su efectividad.
Objetivo: Describir las intervenciones no farmacológicas para el manejo de síntomas secundarios a la quimioterapia antineoplásicaenadultos.
MaterialesyMétodos: Revisiónsistemáticadeestudiosexperimentales y observacionales analíticos (2021 a 2023). La selección de estudios y extracción de datos se realizó de forma paralela. Las discrepancias se resolvieron con un tercer revisor. Se evaluó el riesgo de sesgo con las herramientas Risk Of Bias (RoB) y The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). La síntesis de la literatura se realizó de forma descriptiva por desenlace priorizado.
Resultados: Los desenlaces priorizados fueron neutropenia, dolor, neuropatía, náuseas, vomito, alopecia, anorexia y desordenes del sueño. Se encontraron 7520 referencias, 62 incluidas para el análisis. La acupresión mostró un posible efecto en el control de síntomas como las náuseas y vomito. La intervención con frio en el cuero cabelludo mostro diferencias en los estadios de la severidad de alopecia. Las otras intervenciones mostraron heterogeneidad.
Discusión: Las intervenciones no farmacológicas han sido ampliamente descritas en estudios observaciones y experimentales en el control de efecto secundarios a la quimioterapia, sin embargo, existe homogeneidad, y alto riesgo de sesgo.
Conclusión: Acupresión, masaje muscular, musicoterapia, baño de pies entre otros son las intervenciones que se han estudiado para náuseas, vomito, desordenes del sueño, neutropenia, alopecia, anorexia, dolor y neuropatía como síntomas secundarios priorizados por pacientes. Se requiere estandarizar tanto las intervenciones como la forma de medición de los desenlaces.
Palabras Clave: Terapias Complementarias, Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos, Oncología integrativa, Signos y Síntomas.
Resumo
Introdução: Diferentes intervenções não farmacológicas têm sido estudadas para o manejo dos sintomas decorrentes da quimioterapia, mas sua eficácia é desconhecida.
Objetivo: Descrever intervenções não farmacológicas para o manejo dos sintomas secundários à quimioterapia antineoplásica em adultos.
Materiais e Métodos: Revisão sistemática de estudos analíticos experimentais e observacionais (2021 a 2023). A seleção dos estudos e a extração dos dados foram realizadas paralelamente. As discrepâncias foram resolvidas com um terceiro revisor. O risco de viés foi avaliado por meio das ferramentas Risk Of Bias (RoB) e Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A síntese da literatura foi realizada de forma descritiva por desfecho priorizado.
Resultados: Os desfechos priorizados foram neutropenia, dor, neuropatia, náuseas, vômitos, alopecia, anorexia e distúrbios do sono. Foram encontradas 7.520 referências, 62 incluídas para análise. A acupressão mostrou possível efeito no controle de sintomas como náuseas e vômitos. A intervenção fria no couro cabeludo mostrou diferenças nos estágios de gravidade da alopecia. As demais intervenções apresentaram heterogeneidade.
Discussão: Intervenções não farmacológicas têm sido amplamente descritas em estudos observacionais e experimentais no controle dos efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia, porém há homogeneidade e alto risco de viés.
Conclusão: Acupressão, massagem muscular, musicoterapia, escalda-pés, entre outras, são as intervenções que têm sido estudadas para náuseas, vômitos, distúrbios do sono, neutropenia, alopecia, anorexia, dor e neuropatia como sintomas secundários priorizados pelos pacientes. É necessário padronizar tanto as intervenções quanto a forma de medir os resultados.
Palavras-Chave: Terapias Complementares, Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos, Oncologia Integrativa, Sinais e Sintomas.
Introduction
In 2020, Globocan reported 19,292,789 new cancer cases worldwide1. Specific treatment regimens have been studied for each type of disease, with chemotherapy being the main intervention2. The incidence of side effects is reported to be 70-80% due to the involvement of rapidly growing cells3. There is evidence ofside effects such as nausea, vomiting, alopecia, mucositis, fatigue, constipation, neutropenia, and mood changes, which affect a person's quality of life4), (5. Treatment plans include medications to control these symptoms; however, these medications can trigger other secondary symptoms that further impact the quality of life6.
Integrative oncology, in coordination with evidence-based complementary therapies and conventional cancer care, improves patients' quality of life and clinical outcomes. This orientation empowers patients' participation in their treatment7. It has been reported that approximately 50% of cancer patients use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and in patients with advanced disease, the prevalence of CAM use can reach 100%7.
The evidence shows a wide varietyofnon-pharmacological interventions, which presentsa challenge to the caregiver when seeking symptom control. This process involves balancing pharmacological treatment, complementation with non-pharmacological interventions, and individual preferences8. This review aims to synthesize the existing evidence on non-pharmacological interventions to control the side effects of chemotherapy, as prioritized by patients and healthcare professionals.
Materials and Methods
The protocol was published in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO CRD4202017212) and conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA, 2009) (9 guidelines; the analysis database was stored in Mendeley Data10. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and longitudinal analytic observational studies conducted in adults with cancer undergoing treatment that described non-pharmacological interventions to control chemotherapy-related side effects. Studies were only included in the review if the nonpharmacological interventions were delivered by trained personnel. Descriptive studies, cost-effectiveness studies, conference proceedings, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical practice guidelines, letters to the editor, or studies with unanalyzable data or without reported measures of effect, animal studies, or studies in pregnant women were excluded.
Outcome selection and prioritization
The outcomes were prioritized according to the preferences of patients and health professionals at the time of making a decision about an intervention, including the list described in the literature3), (11. Ten cancer experts and chemotherapy patients from a university hospital oncology department were independently asked to prioritize each side effect on a scale of 1 to 9, with 7 to 9 being critical, 4 to 6 being important, and 1 to 3 being of limited importance (according to the GRADE approach12). For this review, outcomes with scores greater than 8 were included (Figure 1).
Search strategy
The electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, LILACS/Bireme, The Cochrane Library, and Epistemonikos were searched from March 2021 to May 2023. University repositories and reference lists of included studies were also searched. Authors and clinical experts in cancer were also contacted to inquire about possible published studies in this area. The search algorithm was developed using free search terms and the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (Table 1).
Figure 1
Prioritization of symptoms secondary to chemotherapy by healthcare professionals and cancer patients
Study selection and data extraction
Two groups of reviewers (Group 1 - MEG-N and ABP; Group 2 - LI/EP and OC) independently screened references found by title and abstract according to the RAYYAN eligibility criteria for systematic reviews13. Two reviewers read full texts for final inclusion. Disagreements were resolved with the assistance of a third reviewer (AB-L). A matrix was created in Microsoft Excel® in which two independent reviewers entered data including authors, year of publication, study’s country of origin, sex, cancer diagnosis, comorbidities, sample size, study population, non-pharmacological intervention used, and measure of the effect in both the experimental and control groups. The authors were contacted to request information on missing data.
Risk of bias assessment
Figures 2A,B,C,D,E, and F show the graphical visualization of the risk of bias for experimental studies assessed with the RoB-2 tool14. Figure 2G shows the risk of bias assessment for analytic observational cohort studies assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) (15 (Figure 2).
Figure 2A
Risk of bias of articles with experimental study design included in the outcome nausea and vomiting
Figure 2B
Risk of bias of articles with experimental study design included in the outcome alopecia
Figure 2C
Risk of bias of articles with experimental study design included in the outcomes pain and neuropathy
Figure 2D
Risk of bias of articles with experimental study design included in the outcome sleep disorder
Figure 2E
Risk of bias of articles with experimental study design included in the outcome neutropenia
Figure 2F
Risk of bias of articles with experimental study design included in the outcome anorexia
Figure 2G
Risk of bias in observational analytical cohort studies
Synthesis of evidence
Study characteristics were described narratively by outcome. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed by clinical observation of the population, outcomes and their measurement, and description of the intervention performed10.
Results
A total of 7,520 references were found, of which 237 were selected for full-text reading. Sixty-two references were included between 1988 and 2023 (Figure 3). Nineteen interventions evaluating 6,613 participants were identified across all studies in the United States, and 4,577 women participated.
Nausea and vomiting
Twenty-nine references were included; 25(89.21%) are RCTs and 4(13.73%) are quasi-experiments with participants between 16 and 96 years of age. We reviewed 4(12.91%) care and counseling programs, 5(16.14%) muscle relaxation techniques, 4(12.95%) guided relaxation with music therapy and imagery, 2(6.44%) natural drinks, 2(6.43%) therapeutic touch and reflexology, 12(38.70%) acupressure at P6 point, and 2(6.41%) hologram bracelets. Studies on interventions such as acupressure were consistent in affirming that there was improvement before and after the intervention; however, they showed high heterogeneity regarding the types of interventions and scales used to measure nausea and vomiting (Table 2).
Anorexia
One RCT conducted in Turkey16 involving women aged 29 to 69 years with stage II or III gynecological cancer was included. The intervention involved a nursing program based on Jean Watson's theory. Nursing professionals visited and followed up with the participants via telephone for 60 to 120 minutes once a week. Information on symptom management was provided and compared with standard hospital management. The authors assessed changes in appetite using the Chemotherapy Symptom Assessment Scale (C-SAS). They found that the intervention group had a lower mean change in appetite of 1.00 SD (0.61) than the control group of 2.00 SD (1.08). This study had a high risk of bias due to the lack of randomization and blinding.
Alopecia
Eight studies evaluated non-pharmacological interventions to control alopecia, such as scalp cooling with hypothermic caps, and one study used videos on makeup and wigs. Five studies used WHO criteria to evaluate the effect of scalp cooling on reducing alopecia. The other studies used instruments such as the Dean scale, the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0, and the breast cancer stem cells (BC SCs) to assess the efficacy of the intervention on hair loss. In general, these studies have a high risk of bias, and scalp cooling shows a possible effect on reducing alopecia compared to placebo (Table 3).
Pain and neuropathy
A total of 1,403 patients, aged 15 to 86 years, were observed in 14 studies. Interventions included educational programs, acupuncture, physical activity, psychological therapies, natural substance applications, massages, and foot baths. Pain and neuropathy were measured using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTC), Numerical Pain Scale (NPS), the Dutch Language Version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ-DLV), and Symptom Experience Scale. Of the total, 6 (42.81%) studies evaluated disease-related pain, and 8 (57.20%) studies evaluated platinum or taxane chemotherapy-related neuropathy (Table 4). These studies have a high risk of bias due to selective reporting of outcomes, lack of concealment, and lack of blinding. Interventions such as home-based care nursing programs and acupuncture were demonstrated to reduce mean pain and neuropathy when comparing pre- and post-intervention measurements.
Sleep disorders
Nine studies evaluated non-pharmacological interventions to control sleep disorders. Acupressure, telephone follow-up programs, home exercises, relaxation therapies such as foot baths, mindfulness therapies, back massages, and Chinese practices like Chan-Chuang qigong have been studied for their effectiveness in improving sleep quality. However, it is observed that interventions such as acupressure and physical exercise improve sleep quality when comparing intervention groups with post-intervention control groups (Table 5).
Neutropenia
Two studies analyzed 167 participants diagnosed with neutropenia, defined as a decrease in neutrophils following chemotherapy treatment, and administered Chan-Chuang qigong therapy for 21 minutes over 21 days. This technique includes mind and body relaxation, with white blood cell counts measured before and after the procedure. The studies have a high risk of bias due to the non randomization of participants, but the intervention showed an increase in white blood cell counts after the intervention (Table 6).
Figure 3
PRISMA description of search findings and study selection
*Actigraphy: An instrument used to monitor sleep and wakefulness patterns.
Discussion
This review described non-pharmacological interventions for controlling the primary side effects of chemotherapy with a high degree of heterogeneity and internal validity among the studies. This is consistent with some studies stating that non-pharmacological interventions are complementary to medical treatments; however, they emphasize the lack of valid evidence to present the effect of these interventions as complementary to pharmacological treatments73), (74.
The review described several types of non-pharmacological interventions to address the side effects of chemotherapy. These interventions include education and exercise programs, hypothermia devices, acupressure techniques, music therapy, traditional Chinese medicine techniques, relaxation techniques, foot baths, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation75), (76.
Nurse-led home-based patient education programs are designed to manage symptoms. These non- pharmacological interventions have shown measurable differences in pain levels before and after the intervention54), (59. A need was identified to standardize educational programs and to know the content and indicators for pain assessment26), (76), (79. However, for patients with multiple symptoms, these processes should be accompanied by psychological support and strengthening of mental health to ensure beneficial application and results in the control of the symptoms.
Holistic medical systems such as acupressure have been studied extensively. This review found that acupressure consistently reduced nausea and vomiting compared to standard care in all measurements36. This result is consistent with the study by Lee A et al. (78, who conducted a review and found that acupressure at the P6 point has a moderate effect compared to placebo, although the studies have limitations in terms of variation in effects and methodological quality. However, when comparing acupressure with antiemetics, no difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting was observed. Therefore, it can be concluded that the available evidence may support a combined therapy of P6 point stimulation and antiemetic drugs rather than drug prophylaxis alone and that further high-quality trials are needed76), (79).
Manipulative and body-based practices, such as muscle relaxation therapies, reflexology, and therapeutic touch, along with sensory intervention techniques like music therapy and guided imagery, have been described and evaluated with positive effects80), (81; however, the reported studies record wide variability of populations, techniques, and study periods regarding outcomes such as pain, nausea and vomiting76), (81. The main limitation of these studies was the lack of control for confounding factors, such as the use of medications and other therapies and individual perception of the symptom.
It is important to consider that these types of studies are valuable in building the body of evidence that will later support evidence-based recommendations82. The literature consistently states that acupressure is a complementary technique and does not replace traditional treatment79. The reported studies agree that environmental factors and the use of patients' unreported therapies limit the evaluation of interventions; hence, there is a need to identify what type of interventions patients are conducting.
The immune system's vulnerability to opportunistic infections and the extended duration of treatment make neutropenia a priority in evaluating non-pharmacological interventions. Chan-Chuang qigong therapy has been evaluated in people diagnosed with cancer69), (72 and showed an increase in white blood cell count before and after the intervention. However, variables such as time, comorbidities, and treatments must be controlled to estimate the true effect of this intervention.
Alopecia is one of the secondary symptoms that compromise biological, psychological, emotional, and social aspects, affecting the health status of people who suffer from it and is increasingly becoming a priority outcome for the well-being of patients83), (84. Video tutorials for makeup, wig styling, and scalp cooling are techniques that have been increasingly reported in recent years to mitigate these effects and improve the quality of life for patients. There is a need to further clarify alopecia measurement strategies with validated scales for different populations.
This review included observational and experimental studies, giving a broad overview of the interventions reviewed. These results suggest some implications for clinical practice and future research. First, each of these interventions and their results should be considered with caution since the representativeness of the populations and the standardization of the techniques used can only be generalized to patients with characteristics similar to those studied in the included studies. Secondly, for research purposes, it is highly recommended that future reviews focus on interventions by symptom clusters85. The search strategies used in this review enabled us to capture the broadest selection of relevant literature according to the side effects of chemotherapy using distinct search terms. The included studies showed low methodological quality and evidence that interventions could have a real effect on controlling various symptoms, as evidenced by acupressure on symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, sleep disorders, pain, and neuropathy. The findings of this review highlight the gaps in the available literature and emphasize the importance of further documenting the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on chemotherapy side effects.
Conclusion
Prioritizing side effects for patients guides care plans for individuals. Non-pharmacological interventions such as acupressure, Chinese therapies such as Chan-Chuang qigong, muscle relaxation therapies, and nursing intervention programs have been evaluated and described with evidence for nausea and vomiting, pain and neuropathy, sleep disorders, alopecia, neutropenia, and anorexia. However, there is still high variability in the type of intervention, outcomes measuring, and lack of statistical power, making it difficult to estimate the effects of these interventions. Research with methodological rigor and standardization of these interventions is needed to validate their effects on these outcomes.
References
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Global Cancer Observatory [Internet]. Iarc.fr. [cited 2023 May 5]. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/
Instituto Nacional del Cáncer. Tipos de tratamiento. Consulta: mayo 05, 2022. Disponible en: https://www.cancer.gov/espanol/cancer/tratamiento/tipos
American Cancer Society. Efectos secundarios de la quimioterapia. Consulta: mayo 05, 2022. Disponible en: https://www.cancer.org/es/tratamiento/tratamientos-y-efectos-secundarios/tipos-de-tratamiento/quimioterapia/efectos-secundarios-de-la-quimioterapia.html
Instituto Nacional del Cáncer. Náuseas y vómitos relacionados con el tratamiento del cáncer (PDQ®)-Versión para profesionales de salud - NCI. Consulta: Mayo 05, 2022. Disponible en: https://www.cancer.gov/espanol/cancer/tratamiento/efectos-secundarios/nauseas/nauseas-pro-pdq
Cefalo M, Ruggiero A, Maurizi P, Attinà G, Arlotta A, Riccardi R. Pharmacological management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children with cancer. J Chemother. 2009;21(6):605- 10. https://doi.Org/10.1179/joc.2009.21.6.605
Cope DG. Clinical updates in nausea and vomiting. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2022;38(1):151249. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2022.151249
Sinclair S, Beamer K, Hack T, McClement S, Raffin Bouchal S, Chochinov H, et al. Sympathy, empathy, and compassion: A grounded theory study of palliative care patients’ understandings, experiences, and preferences. Palliat Med. 2017;31(5):437-47. https://doi. org/10.1177/0269216316663499
Mao J, Ismaila N, Bao T, Barton D, Ben-Arye E, Garland E, et al. Integrative Medicine for Pain Management in Oncology: Society for Integrative Oncology-ASCO Guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(34):3998-4024. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.22.01357
Liberati A, Altman D,Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, G0tzsche P, loannidisJ, et al.The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: explanation and elaboration. BMJ. 2009;339. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2700
Gómez Neva ME, Buitrago Lopez A, Pulido E, Ibáñez L, Caroprese O. Intervenciones no- farmacológicas para efectos priorizados por pacientes, de quimioterapia antineoplásica: revisión sistemática, Mendeley Data, V1. 2023 https://doi.org/10.17632/v2g4p7h4fd.1
Barsevick A, Dudley W, Beck S. Cancer-related Fatigue, Depressive Symptoms, and Functional Status: A Mediation Model. Nurs Res. 2006;55(5):366-72. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-200609000-00009
Zhang Y, Alonso-Coello P, Guyatt G, Yepes-Nuñez J, Aki E, Hazlewood G, et al. GRADE Guidelines: 19. Assessing the certainty of evidence in the importance of outcomes or values and preferencesd- Risk of bias and indirectness. J Clin Epidemiol. 2019; 111:94-104. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.01.013
Mourad Ouzzani, Hossam Hammady, Zbys Fedorowicz, Ahmed Elmagarmid. Rayyan - a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews. 2016; 5:210. https://doi.org/10.1186/ s13643-016-0384-4
Sterne J, Savovic J, Page M, Elbers R, Blencowe N, Boutron I, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ . 2019;366. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l4898
Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, Robertson J, Peterson J, Welch V, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomized Studies in Meta-Analysis. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute. 2011;2(1):1-12 https://www3.med.unipmn.it/dispenseebm/2009-2010/Corso%20Perfezionamento%20EBM Faggiano/NOS oxford.pdf
Teskereci G, Yangin H, Kulakaç O. Effects of a nursing care program based on the theory of human caring on women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer: a pilot study from Turkey. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology. 2022;40(1):45-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/07347332.2021.1878317
Molassiotis A, Brearley S, Saunders M, Craven O, Wardley A, Farrell C, et al. Effectiveness of a home care nursing program in the symptom management of patients with colorectal and breast cancer receiving oral chemotherapy: A randomized, controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2009;(36):6191-8 https://doi.org/10.1200/JC0.2008.20.6755
Alboughobeish SZ, Asadizaker M, Rokhafrooz D, Cheraghian B. The effect of mobile based patient education on nausea and vomiting of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Biomedical Research. 2017;28(19):8172-8https://www.alliedacademies.org/articles/the-effect-of-mobilebased-patient-education-on-nausea-and-vomiting-of-patients-undergoing-chemotherapy-8580.html
Kearney N, McCann L, Norrie J, Taylor L, Gray P, McGee-Lennon M, et al. Evaluation of a mobile phone-based, advanced symptom management system (ASyMS©) in the management of chemotherapy-related toxicity. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2009;17(4):437-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-008-0515-0
De Carvalho EC, Martins FTM, Dos Santos CB. A pilot study of a relaxation technique for management of nausea and vomiting in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Nurs. 2007;30(2):163-167. https://journals.lww.com/cancernursingonline/fulltext/2007/03000/a pilot study of a relaxation technique for.12.aspx
Molassiotis A. A pilot study of the use of progressive muscle relaxation training in the management of post-chemotherapy nausea and vomiting. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2000;9(4):230-4. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2354.2000.00220.x
Lerman C, Rimer B, Blumberg B, Cristinzio S, Engstrom P, MacElwee N, et al. Effects of coping style and relaxation on cancer chemotherapy side effects and emotional responses. Cancer Nurs . 1990;13(5):308 -315. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2245418/
Ezzone S, Baker C, Rosselet R, Terepka E. Music as an adjunct to antiemetic therapy. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1998;25(9):1551-1556. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9802051/
Hosseini M, Tirgari B, Forouzi MA, Jahani Y. Guided imagery effects on chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting in Iranian breast cancer patients. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2016;25:8-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.10167i.ctcp.2016.07.002
Karagozoglu S, Tekyasar F, Yilmaz FA. Effects of music therapy and guided visual imagery on chemotherapy-induced anxiety and nausea-vomiting. J Clin Nurs. 2013;22(1-2):39-50. https://doi. org/10.1111/jocn.12030
Moradian S,Walshe C, Shahidsales S, Ghavam Nasiri MR, Pilling M, Molassiotis A. Nevasic audio program for the prevention of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting: A feasibility study using a Randomized clinical trial design. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2015;19(3):282-91. https://doi.org/10.1016Zi.ejon.2014.10.016
Ingersoll GL, Wasilewski A, Haller M, Pandya K, Bennett J, He H, et al. Effect of concord grape juice on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: Results of a pilot study. Oncol Nurs Forum . 2010;37(2):213-21. https://doi.org/10.1188/10.ONF.213-221
Sanaati F, Najafi S, Kashaninia Z, Sadeghi M. Effect of Ginger and Chamomile on Nausea and Vomiting Caused by Chemotherapy in Iranian Women with Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016;17(8):4125-4129. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27644672/
Vanaki Z, Matourypour P, Gholami R, Zare Z, Mehrzad V, Dehghan M. Therapeutic touch for nausea in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: Composing a treatment. Complement Ther Clin Pract . 2016;22:64-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2015.12.004
Ozdelikara A, Tan M. The effect of reflexology on chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and fatigue in breast cancer patients. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2017;4(3):241-9. https://doi.org/10.4103/apjon.apjon1517~
Avci HS, Ovayolu N, Ovayolu O. Effect of acupressure on nausea-vomiting in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Holist Nurs Pract. 2016;30(5):257-62. https://doi.org/10.1097/ HNP.0000000000000161
Dibble S, Chapman J, Mack K, Shih A. Acupressure for nausea: results of a pilot study. Oncol Nurs Forum . 2000;27(1);41-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10660922/
Dibble S, Luce J, Cooper B, Israel J, Cohen M, Nussey B, et al. Acupressure for chemotherapy- induced nausea and vomiting: a randomized clinical trial. Oncol Nurs Forum . 2007;34(4):1-8. https://doi.org/10.1188/07.ONF.xxx-xxx
Eghbali M, Yekaninejad M, Varaei S, Jalalinia S, Samimi M, Sa’atchi K. The effect of auricular acupressure on nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy among breast cancer patients. Complement Ther Clin Pract . 2016;24:189-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2016.06.006
Genç F, Tan M. The effect of acupressure application on chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and anxiety in patients with breast cancer. Palliative & Supportive Care. 2015;13(2):275-84. https:// doi.org/10.1017/S1478951514000248
Genç A, Can G, Aydiner A. The efficiency of the acupressure in prevention of the chemotherapy- induced nausea and vomiting. Support Care Cancer. 2013;21(1):253-261. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00520-012-1519-3
Molassiotis A, Helin AM, Dabbour R, Hummerston S. The effects of P6 acupressure in the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting in breast cancer patients. Complement Ther Med. 2007;15(1):3-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2006.07.005
Molassiotis A, Russell W, Hughes J, Breckons M, Lloyd-Williams M, Richardson J, et al. The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of acupressure for the control and management of chemotherapy-related acute and delayed nausea: Assessment of Nausea in Chemotherapy Research (ANCHoR), a randomised controlled trial. Health Technol Assess. 2013;17(26):1-114. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta17260
Molassiotis A, Russell W, Hughes J, Breckons M, Lloyd-Williams M, Richardson J, et al. The effectiveness of acupressure for the control and management of chemotherapy-related acute and delayed nausea: A Randomized clinical trial. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2014;47(1):12-25. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.03.007
Shen CH, Yang LY. The Effects of Acupressure on Meridian Energy as well as Nausea and Vomiting in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy. Biol Res Nurs. 2017;19(2):145-52. https://doi. org/10.1177/1099800416683801
Shin YM, Kim TI, Shin MS, Juon HS. Effect of Acupressure on Nausea and Vomiting During Chemotherapy Cycle for Korean Postoperative Stomach Cancer Patients. Cancer Nursing. 2004;27(4):267-274. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002820-200407000-00002
Suh EE. The effects of P6 acupressure and nurse-provided counseling on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with breast cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum . 2012;39(1):e1-9. https://doi.org/10.1188/12.ONF.E1-E9
Akhu-Zaheya LM, Khater WA, Lafi AY. The effectiveness of hologram bracelets in reducing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting among adult patients with cancer. Cancer Nurs . 2017;40(2):E17-29. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000374
Pearl ML, Fischer M, McCauley DL,Valea FA, Chalas E. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation as an adjunct for controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in gynecologic oncology patients. Cancer Nurs . 1999;22(4):307-311. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002820-199908000-00008
Betticher DC, Delmore G, Breitenstein U, Anchisi S, Zimmerli-Schwab B, Müller A, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of two scalp cooling systems for the prevention of alopecia associated with docetaxel treatment. Support Care Cancer . 2013;21:2565-2573. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00520-013-1804-9
Giaccona G, Di Giulio F, Morandini MP, Calciati A. Scalp hypothermia in the prevention of doxorubicin-induced hair loss. Cancer Nurs . 1988;11(3):170-173. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/3401852/
Kargar M, Sarvestani RS, Khojasteh HN, Heidari MT. Efficacy of penguin cap as scalp cooling system for prevention of alopecia in patients undergoing chemotherapy. J Adv Nurs. 2011;67(11):2473-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05668.x
Macduff C, Mackenzie T, Hutcheon A, Melville L, Archibald H. The effectiveness of scalp cooling in preventing alopecia for patients receiving epirubicin and docetaxel. Eur J Cancer Care. 2003;12(2):154-61. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2354.2003.00382.x
Nangia J, Tao W, Osborne C, Niravath P, Otte K, Papish S, et al. Effect of a Scalp Cooling Device on Alopecia in Women Undergoing Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: The SCALP Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017;317(6):596-605. https://iamanetwork.com/iournals/iama/fullarticle/2601500
Lemenager M, Lecomte S, Bonneterre ME, Bessa E, Dauba J, Bonneterre J. Effectiveness of cold cap in the prevention of docetaxel-induced alopecia. Eur J Cancer. 1997;33(2):297-300. https:// doi.org/10.1016/S0959-8049(96)00374-7
Nolte S, Donnelly J, Kelly S, Conley P, Cobb R. A randomized clinical trial of a videotape intervention for women with chemotherapy-induced alopecia: a gynecologic oncology group study. Oncol Nurs Forum . 2006;33(2):305-11. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16518446/
Rugo H, Klein P, Melin S, Hurvitz S, Melisko M, Moore A, et al. Association Between Use of a Scalp Cooling Device and Alopecia After Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer. JAMA . 2017;17(6):606- 614. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5639721/
Rustøen T, Valeberg BT, Kolstad E, Wist E, Paul S, Miaskowski C. A randomized clinical trial of the efficacy of a self-care intervention to improve cancer pain management. Cancer Nurs . 2014;37(1):34-43. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0b013e3182948418
De Wit R, Van Dam F, Zandbelt L, Van Buuren A, Van der Heijden K, Leenhouts G, et al. A Pain Education Program for chronic cancer pain patients: Follow-up results from a Randomized clinical trial. Pain. 1997;73(1):55-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3959(97)00070-5
Aghabati N, Mohammadi E, Pour Esmaiel Z. The Effect of Therapeutic Touch on Pain and Fatigue of Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2010;7(3):375. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nen006
Miladinia M, Baraz S, Shariati A, Malehi AS. Effects of Slow-Stroke Back Massage on Symptom Cluster in Adult Patients with Acute Leukemia: Supportive Care in Cancer Nursing. Cancer Nurs . 2017;40(1):31-8. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000353
Dhawan S, Andrews R, Kumar L, Wadhwa S, Shukla G. A Randomized clinical trial to Assess the Effectiveness of Muscle Strengthening and Balancing Exercises on Chemotherapy- Induced Peripheral Neuropathic Pain and Quality of Life Among Cancer Patients. Cancer Nurs . 2020;43(4):269-80. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000693
Yildirim M, Gulsoy H, Batmaz M, Ozgat C, Yesilbursali G, Aydin R et al. Symptom management: The effects of self-affirmation on chemotherapy-related symptoms. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2017;21(1):E15-22. https://doi.org/10.1188/17.CJON.E15-E22
Given B, Given CW, McCorkle R, Kozachik S, Cimprich B, Rahbar MH, et al. Pain and fatigue management: results of a nursing randomized clinical trial. Oncol Nurs Forum . 2002;29(6):949-56. https://doi.org/10.1188/02.ONF.949-956
Park R, Park C. Comparison of foot bathing and foot massage in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Cancer Nurs . 2015;38(3):239-47. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0000000000000181
Andersen Hammond E, Pitz M, Steinfeld K, Lambert P, Shay B. An Exploratory Randomized Trial of Physical Therapy for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2020;34(3):235-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968319899918
Zhi WI, Baser RE, Talukder D, Mei Yz, Harte SE, Bao T. Mechanistic and thermal characterization of acupuncture for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy as measured by quantitative sensory testing. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2023;197(3):535-45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-022-06846-3
Arslan S, Zorba Bahceli P, ilik Y, Artaç M. The preliminary effects of henna on chemotherapy- induced peripheral neuropathy in women receiving oxaliplatin-based treatment: A parallel- group, randomized, controlled pilot trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2020;48. https://doi.org/10.10167j. ejon.2020.101827
Greenlee H, Crew KD, Capodice J, Awad D, Buono D, Shi Z, et al. Randomized sham-controlled pilot trial of weekly electro-acupuncture for the prevention of taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy in women with early-stage breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat . 2016;156(3):453-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-016-3759-2
Tsao Y, Creedy DK. Auricular acupressure: reducing side effects of chemotherapy in women with ovarian cancer. Supportive Care in Cancer . 2019;27(11):4155-4163. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00520-019-04682-8
Kuo HC, Tsao Y, Tu HY, Dai ZH, Creedy DK. Pilot Randomized clinical trial of auricular point acupressure for sleep disturbances in women with ovarian cancer. Res Nurs Health. 2018;41(5):469- 79. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21885
Coleman EA, Goodwin JA, Kennedy R, Coon SK, Richards K, Enderlin C, et al. Effects of Exercise on Fatigue, Sleep, and Performance: A Randomized Trial. Oncol Nurs Forum . 2012;39(5):468-77. https://doi.org/10.1188/12.ONF.468-477
Yang HL, Chen XP, Lee KC, Fang FF, Chao YF. The effects of warm-water footbath on relieving fatigue and insomnia of gynecologic cancer patients on chemotherapy. Cancer Nurs . 2010; 33(6):454-60. https://doi.org/10.1097/NCC.0b013e3181d761c1
Chuang T, Yeh M, Chung Y. A nurse facilitated mind-body interactive exercise (Chan-Chuang qigong) improves the health status of non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients receiving chemotherapy: Randomised controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2017; 69: 2533. https://doi.org/10.1016Zj.ijnurstu.2017.01.004
Yang W, Xi J, Guo L, Cao Z. Nurse-led exercise and cognitive-behavioral care against nurse-led usual care between and after chemotherapy cycles in Han Chinese women of ovarian cancer with moderate to severe levels of cancer-related fatigue: A retrospective analysis of the effectiveness. Medicine. 2021;100(44):e27317. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000027317
Reich RR, Lengacher CA, Klein TW, Newton C, Shivers S, Ramesar S, et al. A Randomized clinical trial of the Effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR[BC]) on Levels of Inflammatory Biomarkers Among Recovering Breast Cancer Survivors. Biol Res Nurs . 2017;19(4):456-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099800417707268
Yeh M, Lee T, Chen H, Chao T. The influences of Chan-Chuang qi-gong therapy on complete blood cell counts in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Cancer Nurs . 2006;29(2):149-55. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002820-200603000-00012
Centros para el control y la prevención de enfermedades-CDC. Medicina complementaria y alternativa. Consulta: Agosto 08, 2023. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/cancer-survivors/es/patients/complementary-alternative-medicine.html?CDCAArefVal=https://www.cdc.gov/ spanish/cancer/survivors/patients/complementary-alternative-medicine.htm
Instituto Nacional del cáncer. Medicina complementaria y alternativa 2015. Consulta: Agosto 08, 2023. Disponible en: https://www.cancer.gov/espanol/cancer/tratamiento/mca
Idoyaga Molina N, Luxardo N. Medicinas no convencionales en cáncer. Medicina (B Aires). 2005;65(5):390-394. http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci arttext&pid=S0025-76802005000500002
Heckroth M, Luckett RT, Moser C, Parajuli D, Abell TL. Nausea and Vomiting in 2021: A Comprehensive Update. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2021;55(4):279-99. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCG.0000000000001485
Turner L, Lau V, Neeson S, Davies M. International Exchange Programs: Professional Development and Benefits to Oncology Nursing Practice. Clin J Oncol Nurs . 2019;23(4):439-42. https://doi. org/10.1188/19.CJON.439-442
Lee A, Chan SKC, Fan LTY. Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Cochrane Libr. 2015;(11). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858. CD003281.pub4
Morehead A, Salmon G. Efficacy of Acupuncture/Acupressure in the Prevention and Treatment of Nausea and Vomiting Across Multiple Patient Populations: Implications for Practice. Nurs Clin North Am. 2020;55(4):571-80. https://doi.org/10.1016Zj.cnur.2020.07.001
De Paolis G, Naccarato A, Cibelli F, D’Alete A, Mastroianni C, Surdo L, et al. The effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation and interactive guided imagery as a pain-reducing intervention in advanced cancer patients: A multicentre randomised controlled non-pharmacological trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract . 2019;34:280-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.12.014
Wallace KG. Analysis of recent literature concerning relaxation and imagery interventions for cancer pain. Cancer Nurs . 1997;20(2):79-88. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002820-199704000-00001
Mora DC, Overvâg G, Jong MC, Kristoffersen AE, Stavleu DC, Liu J, et al. Complementary and alternative medicine modalities used to treat adverse effects of anti-cancer treatment among children and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized clinical trials. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2022;22(1):97. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-022-03537-w
Coelho A, Parola V, Cardoso D, Bravo ME, Apóstolo J. Use of non-pharmacological interventions for comforting patients in palliative care: a scoping review. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep. 2017;15(7):1867-904. https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003204
Freites-Martinez A, Shapiro J, Goldfarb S, Nangia J, Jimenez JJ, Paus R, et al. Hair disorders in patients with cancer. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019;80(5):1179-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.055
Mao J, Pillai G, Andrade C, Ligibel J, Basu P, Cohen L, et al. Integrative oncology: Addressing the global challenges of cancer prevention and treatment. CA Cancer J Clin. 2022;72(2):144-64. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21706
Notas
Autor notes
*Correspondence. María Elizabeth Gómez-Neva. E-mail: m.gomezn@javeriana.edu.co