Artículos
Banach contraction theorem on fuzzy cone b-metric space
Banach contraction theorem on fuzzy cone b-metric space
Journal of applied research and technology, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 154-160, 2020
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología
Received: 11 October 2019
Accepted: 21 May 2020
Published: 31 August 2020
Abstract: In the present paper the notion of fuzzy cone b -metric space has been introduced. Here we have defined fuzzy coneb -contractive mapping, and Banach contraction theorem for single mapping and pair of mappings has been proved in the setting of fuzzy coneb -metric space.
Keywords: Fixed point, fuzzy metric space, fuzzy cone metric space, fuzzy cone b -metric space, 54H25, 54E15, 54E35, 54A40.
1. Introduction
Maurice Frechet introduced the metric space in 1906. Since then it has been generalized by many researchers. The notion of metric was introduced by Bakhtin (1989) which was further used by Czerwik (1993, 1998) to prove many results.
Definition 1.1. (Czerwik, 1993) Let be a non empty set and be a given real number. A function is a -metric on if the following conditions hold for all
The triplet is called -metric space.
Examples and fixed point theorems related to metric space are mentioned in (Ansari, Gupta, & Mani 2020; Boriceanu, 2009; Boriceanu Bota, & Petrusel 2010; Shatanawi, Pitea, & Lazovic, 2014).
The concept of -metric space is broader than concept of metric space, when we take in -metric space then we get metric space.
Huang and Zhang (2007) generalized the concept of metric space by introducing the concept of cone metric space. In the research by Huang and Zhang (2007) real numbers are replaced with an ordered Banach space and some fixed point theorems for non linear mappings are proved. After the work of Huang and Zhang (2007), lot of literature appeared related to the study of cone metric spaces. Details are available (Jankovi’c, Kadelburg, & Radenovi’c, 2011; Latif, Hussain, & Ahmad, 2016; Mehmood, Azam, & Ko’cinac, 2015; Shatanawi, Karapinar, & Aydi,2012).
Zadeh (1965) introduced the concept of fuzzy set theory. After his work many researchers started applying this new concept to classical theories. In particular, Kramosil and Michalek (1975) introduced the new concept fuzzy metric space and proved many results. George and Veeramani (1994) introduced a stronger form of fuzzy metric space. Afterwards, many mathematicians studied fixed point theorems in the related spaces (Chauhan & Utreja, 2013; Chauhan & Kant, 2015; Gupta, Saini, & Verma, 2020; Gupta, & Verma, 2020). Czerwik (1998) introduced metric space and proved some results. The concept of metric space is the extension to metric space.
Hussain and Shah (2011) introduced the concept of cone metric space, which generalizes both b-metric space and cone metric space.
Oner, Kandemire, and Tanay (2015) applied the concept of fuzziness to cone metric space and introduced fuzzy cone metric space as a generalized form of fuzzy metric space given by George and Veeramani (1994). They proved some basic properties and fixed point theorems under this space. We can see related work in (Oner, 2016a, 2016b; Priyobarta, Rohen, & Upadhyay, 2016).
In this paper, we have introduced the concept of fuzzy cone metric space in the sense of George and Veeramani (1994). Here we combine the notion of cone metric space with the concept of fuzziness in the sense of George and Veeramani (1994) and proved new version of Banach contraction principle using this concept. We have defined fuzzy cone contractive mapping and proved the fuzzy cone -Banach contraction theorem for single mappind as well as the pair of mappings. Other important results which are helpful in this study are (Abbas, Khan & Radenovic 2010; Ali & Kanna 2017: Boriceanu, Bota & Petrusel 2010: Li & Jiang 2014; Turkoglu & Abuloha 2010).
Some more basic definitions which are used directly or indirectly are mentioned below:
Definition 1.2. (Schweizer & Sklar, 1960) The binary operation is called continuous t-norm if * satisfies the following conditions for al
Example 1.1. Some examples of continuous t-norms are , and , which are defined by (usual multiplication in [0,1]) and
Definition 1.3. (George & Veeramani, 1994) The triple is said to be fuzzy metric space if is an arbitrary set, * is a continuous -norm and is a fuzzy set on such that for all and we have
Definition 1.4. (Sedghi & Shobe, 2012) Let be a non empty set, * a continuous t-norm and let be a given real number. A fuzzy set in is called -fuzzy metric if for any and the following conditions hold:
Throughout this paper B denotes a real a Banach space and θ denotes the zero of B.
Definition 1.5. (Huang & Zhang, 2007) Let be the subset of Then is called a cone if
For a given cone a partial ordering on via is defined by if and only if . stands for and , while stands for where is the set of all interior points of In this paper, we assume that all cones has non empty interior.
Definition 1.6. (Oner et al., 2015) A three tuple is said to be a fuzzy cone metric space if is a cone of , is an arbitrary set, * is a continuous t-norm and is a fuzzy set on satisfying the following conditions for and ,
Definition 1.7. (Oner et al., 2015) Consider a fuzzy cone metric space and be a sequence in then
1. is said to be converge to if for and there exists natural number such that for all .
We denote it by or as ;
2. is said to be a Cauchy sequence if for and there exists natural number such that for all ;
3. is said to be a complete cone metric space if every Cauchy sequence is convergent in
4. is said to be fuzzy cone contractive if there exists such that for all
2. Main results
Definition 2.1 Let be a non empty arbitrary set, * is a continuous t-norm, is a fuzzy set on , is a cone of (Real Banach space). A quadruple is said to be fuzzy cone -metric space if following conditions are satisfied for all and
FCNB1: ;
FCNB2:
FCNB3:
FCNB4:
FCNB5: is continuous and
Example 2.1: Let. Then subset of , is a normal cone with normal constant
Let and defined by for all and .
FCNB1:
FCNB2: for all iff i.e.
FCNB3:
FCNB4: and as
This gives, and we have and
Now, we can write, this implies, so, one can get or
Thus,
FCNB5: Define such that and
Then is composite function of and .
Both and are continuous, hence is also continuous and
Definition 2.2: Let be a fuzzy cone -metric space. be a self mapping. Then is said to be fuzzy cone -contractive if there exist such that for and , where denotes the zero of and is known as contraction constant of .
Definition 2.3: Let be a fuzzy cone -metric space and be a sequence in Then is said to be fuzzy cone -contractive if () for all , is natural number,.
Definition 2.4: Let be a fuzzy cone -metric space. are self mappings. Then mappings andare known as fuzzy cone -contractive if such that for , is called contraction constant of and
Fuzzy Cone -Banach Contraction Theorem
Theorem 2.1: Let be complete fuzzy cone -metric space in which fuzzy cone -contractive sequence is Cauchy and be fuzzy cone contractive mappings and . Then and have unique common fixed point.
Proof: Let , define a sequence such that for
First we show that sub sequence is a Cauchy sequence
Continue in this way, we get
Then is a Cauchy sequence in and is complete .
Therefore converges to for some . Then using Theorem 2.10 (Nadaban, 2016) we have, this gives, Thus, and therefore as
Hence is a coincidence point of and
Now we will prove that is a fixed point of and
Since, this gives, as and thus Hence
For uniqueness, let is also a fixed point of and ie.
Therefore, ie. this gives,
Thus and henceis a unique common fixed point of and
Corollary 2.1 (Fuzzy Cone -Banach Contraction Theorem) Let be a complete fuzzy cone -metric space in which fuzzy cone -contractive sequence is Cauchy and be a fuzzy cone contractive mapping. Then has unique fixed point.
Proof. If we put in Theorem 2.1, we get the result.
Definition 2.5: Let be fuzzy cone -metric space. A self mapping on is called Chauhan-Gupta contraction if it satisfies the following condition for all and suchthat .
Theorem 2.2: Let be a complete fuzzy cone -metric space. Let is a Chauhan-Gupta contraction given by (1). Thenhas a unique fixed point in
Proof: Let and define a sequence by for . Then by (1), for this gives, we get,
This implies, where as is a fuzzy cone -contractive sequence and therfore one can get for
Now, for as
Thus which gives is a Cauchy sequence. The completenes of one can say
Now, we get, for and
Hence is a fixed point of
For uniqueness, let is another fixed point of
implies, where
Thus and this gives
Hence, is a unique fixed point of
3. Conclusions
In this article, we Introduced the idea of fuzzy cone -metric space and the fuzzy cone contractive mapping has been defined. Also, the Banach contraction theorem has been proved in the setting of fuzzy cone metric space. Based on the results in this paper, interesting researches may be prospective. In the future study, one can establish the integral version of fixed point theorem in this space and can also think of establishing some new fixed point results in fuzzy cone -metric space. The work presented here is likely to provide a ground to the researchers to do work in different structures by using these conditions.
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Notes
Author notes
∗Corresponding author. E-mail address:vishal.gmn@gmail.com (Vishal Gupta).